Vatican City

A ler, um "paper" de Carlo Lottieri (University of Siena and Istituto Bruno Leoni), denominado (pdf) Vatican City as a Free Society. Legal Order and Political Theology., da secção Working Papers do Mises Institute.

Fica aqui o final do texto:

"3. Conclusion: a society without State, a community without coercion

Despite its official self-description, the State of Vatican City is not a State.

In 1929 he adopted this denomination because the 20th century legal culture was not in condition to accept the idea of a political institution refusing the State model.

However Vatican City is exactly a free organization (not coercive) oriented to realize its projects in the international arena.

With the Lateran Treaty, post-Christian idea of secular sovereignty did not modify the theology of the Catholic Church. For this reason, Vatican City is not a sovereign State. Moreover, the Holy See exercises its formal sovereignty over the City and for this reason when we consider Vatican City as a State we are obliged to imagine a State which is not a subject of sovereignty, but an object (a real absurdity, in the logic of the contemporary legal and political culture).

Legal positivism induced the Catholic Church to adopt a State terminology, especially in the
prospect to be accepted by the international community. But this religious institution cannot be
classified in the group of the modern State organizations.

On the contrary, it is possible to put Vatican City in the set of legal and economic entities marked by a voluntary collaboration of individuals (as the families, the companies, the associations, and so on).

Vatican City is the outcome of free and spontaneous relationships, in absence of any kind of violence, and there is a big difference between this type of interactions and the bounds imposed by a State with the violence and the threat.

If Catholic people of the different countries would understand the nature of the organization
charged to defend the independence of the Pope and his preaching, they could act with more
determination for the transformation of their political institutions.

The hope to live in societies not completely dominated by an arrogant ruling class would be
more concrete."